Look at the attachments not thought of a topic yet Research Proposal

Look at the attachments not thought of a topic yet - Research Proposal Example The analysis shall enable establishment of the connection, thus a foundation for the eradication of the variables researched on. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), fact sheet number 364, approximately 16 million girls aged between 15 and 19 give birth every year. In addition, one million girls aged fewer than 15 also gives birth every year (Hamilton et al., 2012). Most of these teenagers come from low and middle-income nations. The World Health Organization also stated complication during pregnancy and childbirth as the second cause of death among teenagers, globally. The research also indicated that almost three million girls aged 15 to 19 undergone unsafe abortions, yearly, and that babies born to these teenage parents face a higher risk of infant deaths (Gibb et al., 2014). Teenage years are marked by rebellion and disagreement between teenagers and their parents. During this period, they are less likely to trust their parent. Becoming pregnant at this age will probably serve to strain the already complicated relationship. Parents will mostly view the pregnancies as the epitome of the childrens rebellion. The prospect of a fallout with the parents may end causing the teenager to conceal their pregnancies or running away from home (Coleman, 2006). Teenage girls are likely to hide their pregnancies for the longest time possible because they are afraid tell their parent. In a majority of cases, teenage girls point at their mothers potential reactions in explaining their deception. Although the stigma associated with these pregnancies is declining in modern days, most teenage girls are still afraid of the disapproval that their mothers are likely to have. It is worth noting that, some fathers will tend be bitter and unforgiving. This is true especially when the teenager is still in school (Ferre et. al., 2013). The stigma and the strain the relationships can be attributed to the fear of

Essay on Weimar Germany Essay Example for Free

Essay on Weimar Germany Essay Weimar: Destined for Failure by a Weak Constitution and Poor Popular Support? A thread that runs throughout many analyses of the legacy of theWeimar Republic contains the idea that the fledgling German democracy was somehow doomed from the start. With a constitution that contained items such as Article 48 – a constitutional provision that permitted the Weimar President to rule by decree without the consent of the Reichstag – and a clause that allowed the Reichskanzler to assume office in the event of the death of the President, there were certainly structural inadequacies that, in hindsight, may not have been the wisest choices by the framers of the Weimar Constitution. Craig took aim at the consttutional inclusion of proportional representation (Verhaltniswahlrecht) in elections to the Reichstag, arguing that the resultant plethora of German political parties â€Å"made for an inherent instability that manifested itself in what appeared to the bemused spectator to be a continuous game of musical chairs† in the near-constant shuffling of Weimar coalitions and ministries. Eyck described the enormous number of political parties under proportional representation as â€Å"these many cooks [who] brought forth a broth which was neither consistent nor clear. † Mommsen, however, disagreed that proportional representation was a root cause of Weimar political instability, calling Verhaltniswahlrecht â€Å"at most a symptom† of the problems, and adding that the â€Å"reluctance to assume political responsibility† by Weimar political parties was the source of instability. Left: Weimar President Friedrich Ebert Other historians have pointed to the seeming lack of enthusiasm many Germans felt for the new government as contributing to a â€Å"doomed† Weimar. Erdmann argued that Germans faced a difficult dilemma in 1918-1919, faced with the choices of â€Å"social revolution in alliance with the forces pressing for a proletarian dictatorship,† or â€Å"a parliamentary republic in alliance with conservative elements such as the old officer corps. McKenzie, while acknowledging that the new Republic did not have broad support, nonetheless maintained that the motivations of most Germans remained simply â€Å"the restoration of law and order and return to peacetime conditions. † Fritzsche, arguing against the idea that Germans were anti-democratic, argued that â€Å"the hostile defamations of the president of the republic were as indicative of democratization as the presidency of the good-willed Fritz Ebert himself. Brecht disputed the notion that Germans, as a people, have somehow always been totalitarian, and cautioned against such the creation of such simplistic stereotypes to exlain the failure of Weimar democracy: †¦nothing can be more devious than the opinion that the Germans have always been totalitaran and that the democratic regime served only as a camouflage to conceal this fundamental fact. The overwhelming majority of the people at the end of the imperial period and during the democratic regime were distinctly anti-totalitarian and anti-fascist in both their ideas and principles. The rise of a culture of political violence in Weimar Germany should certainly be considered as a contributory factor in the Republic’s political instability. Beginning with the emergence of the Freikorps units immediately after the declaration of the Republic, this tendency toward violence became entrenched in Weimar politics after the 1919 assassinations of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg. Evans argued that â€Å"gun battles, assassinations, riots, massacres, and civil unrest† prevented Germans from possessing the â€Å"stability in which a new democratic order could flourish. Moreover, noted Evans, all major political parties employed groups of armed loyalists whose purposes were to protect their political compatriots and to contribute to the waging of low-grade civil war: Before long, political parties associated themselves with armed and uniformed squads, paramilitary troops whose task it was to provide guards at meetings, impress the public by marching in military parades, and to intimidate, beat up, and on occasion kill members of the paramilitary units associated with other political parties. Thus, the rise of militant extremists such as the NSDAP should viewed within the context of the Weimar history of political paramilitary forces as a â€Å"normal† phenomenon. Groups such as the Stahlhelm, the Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold, and the Rotfrontkampferbund had memberships much higher than did the Ordnertruppen in the early to mid-1920s, and the rise of the Sturmabteilung as the muscle behind the NSDAP reflects the recognition by the Nazis of the unwritten rules of politics in Weimar Germany. Weimar Culture and Challenges to Tradition The personal freedoms often associated with Weimar culture – whether seen as an inevitable, pendulum-like reaction after decades of Wilhelmine authoritarianism, or as a flowering of postwar expression – led to a period of unparalleled vibrancy in literature, the arts, architecture, and philosophy. Kolb described the period as â€Å"the eruption of a new vitality, the liberation of creative forces in a short decade of unbounded intellectual and artistic freedom. Moreover, the Weimar period witnessed significant leaps forward in the emancipation of women, and it is not without considerable merit that many pundits have described Weimar Germany as the first modern culture. Left: Image of cabaret production of the Haller Revue in Berlin Yet these sudden cultural changes were far from being universally accepted by the average German, and groups on the right as well as the left decried what was perceived by many as the power of destructive internal forces. Leftists tended to focus on the bourgeois infatuation with base materialism, while many conservatives believed that republican Germany was becoming a morally decrepit nation. Hitler himself played off such sentiments in his speeches, using widespread perceptions of decadence and disaffection with modernity as springboards for his anti-Marxist and anti-Semitic philosophies. In his first public speech after accepting the post of Reichskanzler, Hitler blasted those whom he believed to have quickly led Germany to moral decay: Communism with its method of madness is making a powerful and insidious attack upon our dismayed and shattered nation. It seeks to poison and disrupt in order to hurl us into an epoch of chaos. This negative, destroying spirit spared nothing of all that is highest and most valuable. Beginning with the family, it has undermined the very foundations of morality and faith and scoffs at culture and business, nation and Fatherland, justice and honor. Fourteen years of Marxism have ruined Germany; one year of bolshevism would destroy her. Chief among the evidence for the supposed moral decline cited by contemprary critics of Weimar culture was the open sexual freedom proclaimed by many younger Germans, especially in the larger cities. Berlin, in particular, became something of an international destination for people seeking its wide variety of sexual subcultures. Henig argued that the â€Å"bright lights and avant-garde cultural attraction of Berlin incurred the hostility of traditional communities in rural areas. † The Weimar era, maintained Mommsen, was a period â€Å"that was characterized by the tension between extreme modernity in a few cultural centers and the relatve backwardness of life in the provinces. † Kolb noted that â€Å"confrontation in cultural matters still further exacerbated the basic political discord among Germans in the Weimar period. Lacqueur observed that many German artists were seemingly clueless of just how far removed their work was from the sensibilities of the average German citizen: Strange as it may appear in retrospect, they were genuinely unaware of the fact that the distance between the avant-garde and popular taste had grown immeasurably and that the dctrines preached by the right were much more in line with popular taste. Those who emphasize the cultural decadence of Weimar Germany, of course, run the risk of sounding prudish, or even worse, as apologists for the fascist regime that followed the demise of the Weimar Republic. Still, it is important to note that the perception of moral decay by many comtemporary Germans – on both the political right and left – was a contributing factor in the moving away from mainstream political parties by German voters and toward extremist factions such as the NSDAP and KDP. Combined with political instability and – most importantly – deleterious economic conditions, the concerns of many Germans about moral decline and social decay began to be expressed in the electoral results of 1930-32 and the eventual collapse of the republic-supporting Weimar Coalition. Hyperinflation, Depression, and Politcial Opportunity One of the consistent themes that underscores the period of Weimar Germany is that of economic instability, and the economic calamities that occurred throughout the history of the Republic mirror periods of political upheaval. The Weimar government, at various times, faced food shortages, hyperinflation, massive unemployment, and an unprecedented economic depression, and any analysis of the failures of democracy in Weimar Germany needs to take into account these inherently disruptive economic phenomena. Craig succinctly summed up the economic problems facing the new republic with this comment: â€Å"Its normal state was crisis. † Left: German children playing with worthless banknotes in 1923 The debts incurred by the German government during the war and the economic downturn that followed the transition away from a wartime economy weighed down the fledgling Weimar Republic. Industrial production in 1919, noted Evans, was only 42 percent of what it had been in 1913, and grain production had fallen by over 50 percent from prewar figures. These economic factors, however, paled in comparison with the effects of the reparations demanded and received by the Allies in the Versailles negotiations. In addition, Germany suffered significant territorial losses as a result of Versailles, including Alsace-Lorraine, West Prussia, Posen, Upper Silesia, and the Saar. The terms of the Treaty called for the new German government to make an initial payment of 20 billion gold marks to the Allies by May, 1921, and the Reparations Commission eventually settled on a total reparations bill to Germany of 132 billion gold marks. John Maynard Keynes – a participant in the Versailles negotiations – accurately predicted that the onerous terms of the Treaty of Versailles were far beyond the means of the new republic: The policy of reducing Germany to servitude for a generation, of degrading the lives of millions of human beings, and of depriving a whole nation of happiness should be abhorrent and detestable,—abhorrent and detestable, even if it were possible, even if it enriched ourselves, even if it did not sow the decay of the whole civilized life of Europe. The initial German economic losses due to the Treaty of Versailles were staggering. Germany lost about 13. 5 percent of its territory, approximately 13 percent of its industrial productivity, and slightly more than 10 percent of its population. In addition, the loss of important mining areas such as the Saar and Upper Silesia resulted in a loss of 74 percent of German iron ore, 41 percent of the country’s pig iron supplies, and approximately 25 percent of its coal reserves. Historians and economists have long debated the actual effects of the Treaty of Versailles on economic conditions in Weimar Germany. Fraser argued that the Treaty â€Å"was in no sense the unjust and cynical imposition that the propagandists alleged it to have been. † Eyck held that many Germans believed â€Å"that they had been duped by the armistice,† and that the effect of the heavy reparations served mostly to reinforce the Dolchsto? legende. Craig argued that the economic conditions that followed the burden of the reparations bills resulted in ordinary Germans suffering â€Å"deprivations that shattered their faith in the democratic process and left them cynical and alienated. Kolb noted that most of the reparations that were paid ultimately were sent by the debtor nations of Britain and France to the United States, which in turn reinvested this capital in the German economy. Webb called into question the very process of analyzing post-Treaty German economics, arguing that the effects of inflation in the early 1920s make calculations especially difficult, as inflation â€Å"altered the real va lue of all financial flows and confounded their measurement. † Yet it would be naive to dismiss the idea that reparations payments were a heavy burden on the new Weimar government. With a sputtering economy, high unemployment, and weak tax revenues, the government of Ebert found itself trying to balance the needs of German citizens with the additional debt load from the reparations bills. Moreover, to a German population that was experiencing widespread poverty and food shortages – not to mention the wartime sacrifices – reparations that were being sent to recent wartime enemies came as a shock.

Sickle Cell Anaemia :: Free Essays

Sickle Cell Anaemia The disorder affects the red blood cells, which contain a special protein called haemoglobin . The function of haemoglobin is to carry oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body. People with Sickle Cell Anaemia have Sickle haemoglobin which is different from the normal haemoglobin. When sickle haemoglobin gives up its oxygen to the tissues, it sticks together to form long rods inside the red blood cells making these cells rigid and sickle-shaped. Normal red blood cells can bend and flex easily.Blocked blood vessels Because of their shape, sickled red blood cells can't squeeze through small blood vessels as easily as the almost donut-shaped normal cells. This can lead to these small blood vessels getting blocked that then stops the oxygen from getting through to where it is needed. This in turn can lead to severe pain and damage to organs. Everyone has two copies of the gene for haemoglobin; one from their mother and one from their father. If one of these genes carries the instructions to make sickle haemoglobin (HbS) and the other carries the instructions to make normal haemoglobin (HbA) then the person has Sickle Cell Trait and is a carrier of the sickle haemoglobin gene. This means that this person has enough normal haemoglobin in their red blood cells to keep the cells flexible and they don't have the symptoms of the sickle cell disorders. They do however have to be careful when doing things where there is less oxygen than normal such as scuba diving, activities at high altitude and under general anaesthetics. If both copies of the haemoglobin gene carry instructions to make sickle haemoglobin then this will be the only type of haemoglobin they can make and sickled cells can occur. These people have Sickle Cell Anaemia and can suffer from anaemia and severe pain. These severe attacks are known as Crises. Over time Sickle Cell sufferers can experience damage to organs such as liver, kidney, lungs, heart and spleen. Death can be a result.

Impressionism Essay -- Impressionists Art Artists Essays

Impressionism Early in the twentieth century, Impressionism brought about the artistic revolution, which included the world’s finest painters. The art of Impressionism strives to create a sensation or evoke a mood that is significant to the artist. Although, developed chiefly in France during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the impressionistic movement was not exclusively French artists. Eugene Boudin, Jongkind, and Stanislas Lepine were among the forerunners of the Impressionistic movement. Eugene Boudin, one of the founders of the art, held a major role in the development of Impressionism. Through the many influences of Eugene Boudin, artists expressed themselves through the utilization of color and light, a technique still used today. World famous Impressionists were inspired by Monet, Manet, and Renoir. Through the advancements of the Realists, Impressionism became a state of mind, in which artists could convey their personal visual reality through the effects of color and light. The post-renaissance period is largely considered one of the most influential precursors to Impressionism. The founders of the Impressionistic society were animated by the will to break away from the traditional style of art. The influence was great out of France, especially in Germany, Liebermann, Corinth, and in Belgium. Impressionists were largely responsible for a major shift in the development of western art, influencing other artists who admired their work. Eugene Boudin began teaching artists such as Monet, Manet, Courbet, Bazille, Sisley, and Renoir how to observe the changing lights. Distinctive atmospheres in France that were afforded by the constantly changing nature of the landscape made ... ...rances. It was around this time that Impressionists were becoming appreciated. Monet’s famous Impressions: soleil levant is generally thought to have prompted the naming of the whole genre (Tucker, 1995, p.4). It was first used as a name of an exhibition, Exposition des Impressionnistes. Then impressionniste was printed in the Charivari after the exhibition. Through both many influences of Eugene Boudin and the advancements of the Realists, Impressionism became, not only an art form, but a state of mind. Through Impressionism, artists could convey their personal visual reality with the use of color and light. Among the inspired were Monet, Manet, and Renoir, who later became artists of world famous Impressions. Still utilized today, Impressionism strives to create a sensation or evoke a mood significant to each artist, and capture the audience.

One love in Amsterdam Netherlands

I was there Amsterdam arena with my dad; it has never been the same between dad and I. He has never trusted me since I was expelled from school. We entered the arena and there were huge crowds of people I could not believe, it was unbelievable. We went to the checkpoint whilst I was there. I spotted this gorgeous black girl, good looking fit and extremely gorgeous. I was speechless as if my mom gave my slap on the cheek; I could not stop thinking about her I kept hearing my dad was calling me. I had to ignore him cause I just too focused, It felt empty around as if I was floating in an empty world of mine just her and me. Inside of me I felt like shouting all my anger and bringing love in me. I kept on starring, trying to communication, eye contact, whilst my dad calling me, I couldn't keep my eyes off her I couldn't blink. From then on I thought I have to make some sort of Approach. She was just too irresistible I just thought she's mine, still starring at each other I knew that there was something special. Suddenly we both started walking towards the door side ways facing each other, bumping in to people, exiting the arena thinking of what to say, we approached each other as if we have never seen a person before. Hi, she responded hi, `I could tell she was a bit shy, anyway I do not mind shy girls. My name is Ethan but my friends call me big Ethan. Now would they call a handsome guy like you big Ethan, because I am, big, cuddly and strong. My prediction was wrong she was not shy at all. What is your name young lady, Jasmine, my name is jasmine but you can call anything you want. So what is a beautiful girl like you doing here, why thank you, I'm here with a couple of friends, are your friends as beautiful as you are. She never answered the question, it was a bit strange, and I felt unsecure from that point, I couldn't feel the trust, between us. Here they come they approached me the way jasmine and I approached each other. One of the girls was whispering I could make out what she was saying. The girls looked shy, because there were hiding behind jasmines back, as if they had never seen humans before. Girls this is Ethan, hi Ethan. Ethan that is Monica, Lisa and Vanessa. They all started to giggle, don't worry they always do this when they see handsome boy like you. So you must be Vanessa, jasmine was just talking about you, as I was moving along greeting them and I take it your Lisa hello Ethan, and you must be the lovely Monica boy you are harming. Every time I shacked one of the girls' hands I could see a warning in their eyes, I do not know why it happened it must have been my imagination. Vanessa was half cast girl with plated hair with streaks running down the hair great personality, identical to jasmine except the face totally different from each other. The great thing was they all did not have a childish act, they acted like adults. Because I remember when I was at school they all used to say oh boy I hate boy, That still goes in schools. The other thing was, they were extremely good looking and much more fitter. So ladies can I take you out for drink sure. In me I said to my elf this is my night. Follow me ladies, we walked to the nearest Dutch restaurant, the BJiRDWING cafi. It looked like one of that American silver with seventies style writing, carriages like the one in back to the future with tight leather seats, there called dinners. Just remembered something girls, I have to call him on the mobile al else he'll be worried sick about me. When calling, I saw the girl's giggling gossiping boy they might even think I am a daddy's boy or even mommy's boy. Oh dad it me Ethan, Ethan were have you been I've been worried sick, on't worry, don't what was meant to think when you left, I am fine dad. Son I want you back here now, but, no but, no what did you say, no leave me alone since I was twelve you been treating me like a baby but I'm not a child any more I'm You've never given me a chance a live independently I'm seventeen years old. From then I had hang the telephone, in me I could feel pain the pain. When you feel that person a you love won't give you a chance, I felt liked my heart would burst with anger, and my veins popping out like a hulk. I sat down hiding the expression on my face that I had when speaking on the telephone. So ladies what may a get you ladies? Vanessa responded rapidly saying you can get me anything you want, everyone just looked at her, especially jasmine, I could see it in her sparking eyes how she felt, Personally, I felt that Vanessa was a flirt. I told the girls that I now places were we could go and spend some time, I told them it was a surprise. We were walking on the streets of Amsterdam bracing ourselves. Walking in a group so at least we could defend our selves, suddenly a trump jumped right in front of use, this old raged old man, who wore a fisher mans suit with a hat, he smelt worse than the public toilets, n the high streets. A drunken mad person had not shaved for a long time all this I could tell by looking at him. For a moment, I thought we would die. We increased our walking speed, the trump still following us. We turned around and looked behind us, he was gone . it looked like we were too fast for him, the like light began to fade in the allay way, whilst the dark skies covering the moon as if on of us would turn in to a wolf. We walked threw the alleyway just about to walk out of it, suddenly there was a noise, I thought was one of the girls stamped on something. Then I shouted look! Look! . It was the most horrifying thing I had ever saw, a black cat shredding this mouse into pieces, While all the girls couldn't bare to look for a second. Moreover, jasmine on my shoulder sacred out of her life. The cat just left the helpless the rat eaten to shreds with it guts hanging out and blood running down to the pipeline like water floods. We continued walking until we saw the amazing blocks of house and so much light as if they had put a torch in my face or as if I was questioned by the federal government the C. I. A the F. B. I. We walked a blocks to my friend house, he name is Jesse we have known ach other since child hood, he's like a brother to me, also my best friend. We walked up to his house, we rang the bell, we waited we were just took our first step down, then he finally answered. When he opened the door he had, his pyjamas on I was surprised to see Jesse in his pyjamas because not an early sleeper. Oh its brother, yeah its me brother Eth, so why are you wearing pyjamas now it's even midnight. No its just I have nothing else to do. Anyway, we are going to night do you want come yeah of course. In addition, you said we, where are the rest oh sorry. Girls come up, so t looks like you came honeys, girls that's Jesse, hello Jesse. So are your parents around no there all out on a business trip. It looks like we have the house to ourselves I guess so, when I said that we have the house to ourselves, Jesse didn't look happy this wasn't the Jesse I knew, the Jesse that I spent my child hood with. Therefore, are you going to let us in or let us freezes to death out here, sorry of course, you could come in Come in girls, they all walk in one by one while I was introducing them to Jesse. That's my girl she's jasmine, this is Vanessa, come in baby, (I warned Jesse if he said anything a bit too explicit, she would take it the wrong way) boy get some tick tuck, I warned Jesse about it but he never did listen. That is Monica and Lisa Jasmines best friend they are good looking. Jesse went to freshen up, while we were down in the lounge having some drinks. Fifteen minutes later Jesse cam down looking good handsome why thanks Vanessa. I was shocked at the way Vanessa had a change of mind the she acted. Then the door rang who could be there, I thought. You said your parents are gone don't worry its not as if it's the police. The way it sounded as if he already knew who was at the door. Simon & Michael what is up? I recognised the voice, is that Michael, I rushed to the door `'Mickey† â€Å"brother† and it looks like Simon came along, coming in. we went and sat in the lounge, while the girls were listening, so mike what are you doing here. I just arrived from Hong Kong with Simon, some of our friends told us you were here in the neighbourhood, is that Jesse, gosh you have grown. I was a bit surprised to see Simon, when I looked at him he looked lost as if he didn't know me. However, while looking at him I was quiet confused because the Simon I know was totally different? This wasn't the Simon I knew. I was speaking to Michael and Jesse, Simon went to speak with the girls then, I turned around I saw Simon touching Jasmine in a way I could not explain I was disgusted when saw Simon touching her in an annual manner. My heart was beating so fast I thought it was an earthquake . I shouted get of my girl! I repeatedly kept on shouting just seeing Simon caressing her hair, running his hands down her face. I felt like murdering him, I got him on the floor and started punching him, if it weren't for Jesse, and Michael to stop it, he'd be dead. I cooled down the, girl were wondering what was going on. I told jasmine why I was furious she then told the rest of her friends. The girl decided to stay for the night. We never really got to know them. When I kept my cool I walked to Simon and apologised to how I had reacted, he seemed cool about it. When shaking his hand I saw an expression that he had on his face that I did not like but it quiet unexplainable I rapidly withdrew my hand as if I was agitated and walked off. He stood there as if he had been in a shock I grabbed jasmine, put my hand on her should as if we were at the movies, So, boys or girls are we staying here or going to party or what Yeah were going to party every body else looked in mood except for Simon he has never liked the outdoors I'd think he would rather play video games. I didn't bother asking him because, it just raise to many arguments. Michael had arrived with some fire works from Hong Kong, and he knew were we could light then up. I quite shocked because Michael had only arrived from Hong Kong today. I when up to Simon asking why he was so quiet, but he didn't answer Simon leaning on the balcony without saying a word as if he was speechless. I asked Monica to try and comfort him I didn't want him to e that quiet as if he was lost in the world, like a boy Despite falling out with him, I still felt sorry for I had to putt every behind me try to make sure it will never happen again. We left Jesse's house to walk to the beach it wasn't a public beach of course not anyway who would be at the beach at midnight except for us We started off. I had the urge to start speaking to jasmine while everybody else was holding hands. So jasmine I haven't really got to know you that much, of course you know my name. But I want to know everything about you. Well I was born her in Amsterdam, suddenly I felt a shiver on her I ave her my coat to wear, she continued. My dad died two yours ago, `'oh I'm very sorry† I hope you don't mind me asking what happened. Well he was selling drugs; he was with, the Mafia he was an alcoholic he apparently owed loads of money to this person. I think it was Andrew he had a middle name I cannot remember, wait it was Alcapone the last name started with a d this is just too much. She continued. One night he was watching television, I was quite young then. I heard my dad crying for help; shouting screaming I could feel the pain he was going threw. He shouted my name I rushed down. It was too late; the murderer had already left he put a note around the knife saying he'll be back. Since then we have changed our name, but I will never forget his face, he was beastly look alike I did not know what to do. He was laying there with a knife threw his body I sat there saying to myself `'why†¦. Why†¦ † while steam rising from his gaping wound. â€Å"Have the police ever found him? † †They did but it had been too late he had committed suicide at least that is what they said, but I believe he still alive†. ometimes I think I want revenge and to think what he did to my amily, he ripped our hearts out my soul, my life, and the person I love. But the one thing I will never forgive him. He ripped our family apart! But I had to get over it, if I had killed Andrew Capone what next, I would have felt guilty for taking a man's life. [INS: :INS] †What about your mom? † Mom hardly speaks, since he died, once she shouted why just the wo rd I said when he was murdered. Too many questions, I sometimes could feel the pain she is going through and one day I hope I would be able to take the pain away. What does she do? She works for the United Nations. For a moment there I could the pain she was going through, she then drew a tear of sadness I could sense she wanted revenge but didn't know were to go she was lost like I was. She then asked about me. †What about you? † Born in Gaborone Botswana No brothers or sisters, my parents are diplomats. â€Å"Lucky you have both of your parents alive†, `'not quite because, my mom died two years ago. † â€Å"I thought you said your parents are diplomats† â€Å"You don't get it, I had two moms at least that what my parents said† â€Å"Why did they say that? † â€Å"I don't really know, they said she died in a car crush, but the hing that puzzles me, they never found a body, but I think there trying to keep as apart for some reason. † â€Å"Then how come you have two moms† â€Å"Well in Botswana you can marry at least three or four, but you must be able to support the family† â€Å"So when you grow older would you marry load of wives? † `'No there is only one for me, and it is a special one, you know that special person the perfect match. † `' So who is that special one† approaching me as if she was going to stroke my face with a grin on her face grin as if she expected me to say her name. When she asked me that question, I could immediately see a sparkle in er eyes; I could see us together on the waters in her blue eyes. She asked whom that special one was again, but really I didn't I wasn't sure if she was that special one, were we meant for each other I asked myself and I was still not sure. â€Å"No†, I answered, I just do not know. It is not that I do not like her, in fact, I love her. Nevertheless, I am not sure if she feels the same about me, I tried to answer questions that I have never been able to answer before, Does she feel the same about me? I was not sure, too many question I could not answer. One thing that Jasmine and I have in common is that we both live imilar lives. We reach the lake there I saw a cliff, I thought to myself I have seen that some where I swear but I just couldn't make out where I saw it. Michael and Simon set-up the fire works, while we brought some wood with us, to light a small fire. Then Jesse and I move further up the lake so we can speak privately so the rest could be better acquainted. Hence, Jesse what do you think about Vanessa? She is all right actually I think I love, but the love I have for her is unexplainable, I can feel the force pulling us together, like magnets. What about you Ethan well I like jasmine more than like, I could feel something pecial building up you know that tingly feeling that you get when everything is going your way, but I just don't know if she the right one I am not it puzzles me. Jesse do you think you would ever spend the rest of your life with Vanessa. You cant really answer that question because were still young, as a teenager I just cant say, considering I have not even thought about it yet, and we have just known each other for a day. What about you Ethan what do you think about jasmine? I love jasmine though I have only known her for a day, but I felt that I had already known her. It was too convoluted to explain. I do have feelings for er but I am not sure if she is that special one, that I can be able to spend the rest of my life with her. You must be joking, spend the rest of you life with her, what, there's nothing wrong with jasmine! Its not jasmine its just were too young to get married, we have to live our lives before that I would have thought I would get married at thirty years old. That my option, I don't mind because it's not me getting married early, I am your best friend, it is only me to advise you but at the end of the day it is your choice if you want to do it or not. However, I could feel that Jesse felt the same that I did but to Vanessa, for some reason I felt he was lying to me. Every time I asked him a question, when answering the questions he kept on turning his head around as if he could sense some behind him. Suddenly when Jesse and I were speaking we both her a noise, coming from all directions, as If cars had surrounded us with the engine running. Jesse and I could not make out what it was, Jesse and I stood up whilst squinting trying to see what it was looking lost as if we were in the jungle trying to find our way home. Whilst everybody wondering what was going on, Then all I could remember was Jesse warning watch out motor bike ruising threw the beach as if it was a dirt track. And Jesse laying on the silky sand on the lake, trying to help, I took him in my hands, as if was carrying a baby lost in the wilderness trying to keep him safe. Holding him, Michael came and checks his pulse as if he were a paramedic, Michael said there was no hope he was dead, not breathing. Holding him did not give up. I knew he would not die without a fight. I have never lost faith in him and I will not lose faith in him now. I sat there in agony repeatedly shouting this cannot be happening tears dripping like heavy rain tears of faith. This cannot be happening to me why I ask myself too many questions, he is like a brother to me, please forgive me I beg you, he risked he's life for mine. Whilst resisting to whip his tears off his face letting the tears drip on he's face as if he was being baptised. From then on, I knew how Romeo felt when he lost Juliet but this time it my best friend. Still holding him I laid my head on he's chest, everyone surrounded Jesse and I without a word being said. Jasmine trying to comfort me getting a tissue and trying to whip the tears of my face, but I still resisted there's still hope, I me I could feel the pain he was going hrough. However, I still did not give up. I remember my mom telling me never give on something you have, and Jesse is like a brother, we own each other. While my head rested on his chest I cold feel movement I was not sure at first, but then I could feel his stomach rise, I rapidly stood back, he sat up as if he didn't where he was, saying what happen. We all sighed in relief, scared. He then stood up shacking he's head, as if he was confused, brushing of the sand in his hair. He smiled we all ran to give him a hug we all worried. I have never ever lost faith in Jesse not on him. I then realised, how it feels to loose someone who's close to you, If Jesse had died I would not be live with myself It would just be unexplainable. Was it his colour? I asked myself. If it was there is no point of living in a society where they judge you by your colour, but Jesse and I will try and find the culprit. Jesse and I sat on the cliff. I felt very emotional then; I could hardly speak as if I had been struck by lightening. I sat there facing the sea, trying to explain how I felt. â€Å"Do you know how I felt, what I was going threw my head when I saw you laying there in agony. Do now† trying let out his pain, showing motion showing how depressed he would be by loosing a very special friend, that he does care about him say it by his words. â€Å"No† Jesse responded, in a very soft tone, whilst facing the sea. I looked at him for a moment, puzzled confused did not know who to turn to for help. Jesse is the person I would usually turn to. However, not at this moment, I felt vulnerable for had happened. Jesse still staring stars, thinking, trying to find answers an explanation. I it was that easy, but life is not what we think, it is not easy nor hard it is just right. (People may disagree because of the battles that have occurred his century, there the First World War the Second World War. Still in our society or world, we still have a lot to learn about ourselves) in his eyes I could she the fear that had come across him, I could see the sorrow in his eyes. Courage within him I could feel the vibes flowing between as like a storm. I knew he was afraid, but did not know what he feared it was not what had occurred today. I put my thoughts beside me, and tried to move on. I moved away from Jesse because I felt that I needed some time alone. I looked at my watch, it wasn't even that late. I was a bit sceptical about it, as I sat there on edge of the cliff, eliving memories, of the past weeks. Memories that I thought would be gone, but I am strong-minded, not even to forget some of my memorise from primary school. When I was with my best friend, he's name was Michelle he was from Marseilles not that tall about five foot six fairly short black-haired he was quit sensitive, funny person but I have not seen him for quite a long time. I remember It was the last year we would be able to see each other, that was when I was at school in England when Jesse was in Eindhoven studying at this private school. We were talking about meeting up with each other one day and tell bout how life was or start our own business have fun. However, since he left I had never been able to contact him. Life is a bit strange, just like we live in a strange world; we still have various things to learn about the civilisation we live in. I remember when I attempted to call him two months ago of November of 2002 because I wanted to go and visit him in Marseilles for his birthday his 18^th birthday, to see how things were. For me that was the day of depression, I was confused, apparently he moved to Lisbon in Portugal to continue his studies there. I was shocked at the time, how could he have not told me. Because Michelle and I had promised each other to always keep in touch on what goes on in our lives, to be there for each other no matter what happens to us. However, it seemed that friendship that we once had faded into thin air. From the letter, he had sent to me in England. Dear Ethan I have to go. Life is getting difficult here in Marseilles I will have to move away from France, I do not know when. I do not know if I will be able to see you again. It will be very difficult to forget you, our friendship has spanned many years, and I will always remember you. However, my life is destined somewhere else, at the moment I am lost, I do not know what to do, depressed too many things going on in my life, too many bad things. Stay well, I hope that one day we will meet again, it will be long, as I must heal. I will go to my friend Jean Pier I am yet to find out where he stays. Goodbye my friend. Best Friends forever Jean Pier After reading, the distressing letter I felt as if I was cut open and a piece of me was taken away from me. I felt as if a person had came between us, like when the moon stands between the two stars at night. I remembered those times when I was uncertain about our friendship, was he really a true friend? Did he trust me as much as I trusted him? Were all things we did together false? Our childhood, the good times and bad time. The times when we were, there are for each other. Hadn't that meant anything to him? I was dumbfounded. I just could not answer the question. I had a moment to think, think about those times we had together, but we have to move on. I sat there still having a moment to my self, this was my time, as I exposed my face to the blistering winds, I felt free all the things you would feel when you are contented. I heard footstep behind soft steps as if the person did not want me to now who was behind me creeping as if I was to be stabbed on my back, by a mass murderer. With a voice a sweet soft tone saying my name I figured it must be jasmine, I sat there still looking at sea, didn't hesitate to look to see who was behind me. I sat there as if I knew she was there all along. However when I finally turned my back she was not there, was this my imagination, I could swear I heard her voice. I sat there puzzled, I thought I must be really obsessed with her, paranoid even to hear her voice. â€Å"What's wrong with me† as everyone else stared in disbelief, they probably thought I a psychopathic aniac, or just weird. I had a friendship ring that he gave me to remember by him just before I got up and walked back to the fireworks display, I took a chance and threw away the ring into the depths of the sea. Putting myself out of misery, forgetting the memories that we had together, knowing that one day we will meet again. I walked to the fire that was set-up, on the centre of the beach, still having thoughts, thought that could change my life. â€Å"Am I going to spend the rest of my life with Jasmine? † That's what really bothered me, I guess I was not in the position talk about it yet. What's wrong my friend,† Michael was trying to calm Ethan' s pain as he tried to hide the look on his face that made him look morose, and lonely. â€Å"I just don't know† Ethan ignoring Michael, seeking for his own answers. â€Å"You don't normally act this way what's wrong with you? † â€Å"You just don't understand† while he plays with the sand, with his head between his legs sulking. â€Å"Understand what! that you're madly in love with Jasmine, you think I don't see what goes on. † Michael pointing, pressuring Ethan to confess. â€Å"Anyway you have nothing to do with it, why don't you just go! † Michael walking away from the argument, trying to keep his cool. I sat there still depressed, but vigilant to what was going on around me, my life is much too complicated. While I sat there on the beach, Simon came along, it was a bit strange because it is very rare for Simon and I to speak. â€Å"So what's on your mind my friend? † looking at Ethan as if he was forgiven for what he did before. â€Å"I cant believe you even have the guts to say that,† uh my friend, you're just wasting your breath. â€Å"Why are so mean, what have I ever done to you, I am trying to be your friend, ok maybe I gave the wrong impression to you when I touched your girlfriend. However, I am very sorry, I may not be one of your est friends but that does not stop us from getting along. So what going on, from the argument you had with Michael it doesn't that everything is well? † Simon, making his point, trying to make life easier for them, instead of hating each other. † Nothing's wrong with me, its just you caught at the wrong time to speak to me, for I have been having thoughts,† as he drew a small tear, a tear of emotion and affection. â€Å"What kinds of thoughts,† Simon asking anxiously. â€Å"Love. † â€Å"Do you mean Jasmine? † â€Å"Who else. † â€Å"Oh. † â€Å"So what happened to Michael, he seemed upset did you two have an argument? as he glanced at him anxiously â€Å"No, he just caught me at the wrong time, I hope he is still alright despite our fall out, I meant no harm. † Simon and I seemed to settle our differences quite quickly. After the conversation, I went to apologise to Michael, it stupid of me to put the blame on him. â€Å"Michael! † I shouted. I saw him sat by the edge of the cliff. â€Å"Michael, I would like to apologise, I never meant to start an argument with you. † â€Å"I am sorry as well; I should not have aggravated you while you were thinking,† as Michael turned around with a smile of satisfaction. We were friends again, but stronger. The church bell rang, it was midnight we decided to call it a day. Just before we left Monica said that Jesse and Vanessa were gone, but I wondered were they would go at this time of night. I went to ask Lisa but she said the last time they saw Jesse and Vanessa was when they walking together to fireworks display. I wondered why would they be there. We all walked towards where the fire works were launched, Jesse and Vanessa were not there, and there was a staircase, which had led down to a cave, I then saw movement in the cave, quick, very bright. What was that I pointed, everybody seemed to deny seeing anything, I nodded y head in disbelief, and I was dazed So dazed that I stood there for ten minutes in the same position. I did not even realise Jesse and Vanessa had already turned up. Everyone else moved further away from the cave, scarred out of their lives. What is in there? I asked myself. I sat there on the staircase that led to the mysterious cave, as I was there I heard footsteps coming from all directions. However, it only jasmine. â€Å"What's wrong Ethan, you look disturbed? † Jasmine comforting Ethan as he tried to explain to what he saw in the cave. â€Å"I swear I saw something down there. † Ethan investigating to what had appened. â€Å"Don't worry they are probably just bats† â€Å"Believe me I did not see bats and I do not see things either. † â€Å"Anyway what is up with you, you have been quiet since we arrived here. † â€Å"No your are joking,† as if she had been already chatting for a long time. â€Å"Seriously, you have been quiet and I have been getting worried about you, because I would hate someone to put you in a bad position. † â€Å"No it just I have been having thoughts† â€Å"What kind of thoughts? † Ethan asked anxiously, as Michael came to interrupt the conversation. â€Å"Jasmine, Ethan we have to make move on, it is getting too dark we have to get back. † I told Jasmine that we would speak again, on the way to Jesse's house as we were going to have a sleep over. I had to speak to Jasmine, because of what she said. The thoughts she had; I was worried. Would this mean the end of the one love of my life? I did not know. So we left the beach, as they called it, as the rest were anxious to get back. Everybody leapt ahead as Jasmine and I walked together, I was anxious to ask her what she was thinking about. â€Å"Jasmine remember you said you had thoughts. † â€Å"Yes, yes I remember. † Jasmine replied remembering what we were speaking about. â€Å"I had thoughts doubts, about our relationship. Since you came, my life has changed, immensely, totally. It has been like a dream, paradise; oh I wish we could make that dream last forever. † She rested on my shoulder in the full moon, walking towards a bridge that led to Jesse's house After that I felt inarticulate . She was thinking the opposite to what I was thinking about. â€Å"Jasmine, I have to admit I have had some doubts as well† turning his head as they walked to the centre of the bridge, he walked to the rail of the bridge, trying to let out his feelings. â€Å"So what is on your mind Ethan? † â€Å"Oh Jasmine, I just don't know how to explain it. Still leaning on the rail of the bridge, trying to tell, express his feelings to her. â€Å"Jasmine, what I wanted to say is that, I have also been thinking about our relationship. What I want to say is that I like you, more than like. However, I feel that there is a certain part of me that's telling me it might not work, we have taken a big step my life is my too sophisticated at the moment, it is a roller coaster. † Ethan was hardly being able to speak lucidly. â€Å"No Ethan, it will work, the last thing I would do is run away from our relationship, I love you too much for us to split apart, you make e feel important, you make me see a side of myself that I have never seen before. † Jasmine letting out her feelings the way she felt about Ethan. Leaning on the bridges rail I stood there as I lifted my head facing the full moon, I realised it is not easy to let out emotions, what I learnt was it is better to show than hide you true feelings. As I converged looking at the full moon, I could abruptly see my future flash in front of my eyes. I ask myself, how will it be to be old. Will we still be able to do the same things that we did when we were young? Will we be still kissing, snogging, all the things we did when young? Will we have the amusement that we had together the appetite for each other? I do not know that yet, but one day that day will come when I will know how it feels to be old, and in love. I took jasmines hand, holding her hand I felt that we had built a bond between us but stronger like a force, that was unbreakable the force that you have between your best friend, between your parents. Nevertheless, for me it seemed that the one forces that I once had with my dad seemed to be lost. Once there lost things will never be the same again. I turned around still leaning on the rail of the bridge, finding jasmines in front me. She saw that I had shed a tear, she took her hand, and wiped the tear off my cheeks sensitively with her right hand running my down that smooth sensitive face of mine. We stood there looking at each other all I wanted her, to do is rest on my shoulder, and be free with me, because this could be the last time we see each other. It seemed not to happen. I took Jasmines, hand and continued our journey back, as we reached the end of the bridge, there as we left the bridge was a park with scenic beauty though it dark. While Jasmine and I were walking together, I saw Jesse and Vanessa, Michael and Monica had probably eached Jesse's house by now. Nevertheless, Lisa always seemed to disappear, always the quiet one, since I saw her I was never able to understand her. , anyway she probably went home. Jesse and Vanessa were sat on the bench, in the park facing each other holding hands suffixed, as if it was a replay of jasmine and I when we were on the bridge together, madly in love with each other except with a different scenario. I did not realise how much they fancied each other, when Jesse and I spoke I did not know that he was staid about their relationship, perhaps its time for me to take him more seriously. I guess I should let Jesse have some space to himself because I have always be protective over him, as I said before he is like the brother I never had. Jasmine and I attempted to walk past them ignoring, them as if nothing happened. They immediately acted as if everything was normal, Jesse looking at me as if I was a fool, swinging his head, to the right, wanting to speak to me in private while Vanessa and jasmine also walked ahead have their own jest. â€Å"So Jesse what was all that about. † â€Å"What are you talking about,† while strolling in the silent night of the park. Don't speak to me like that you know what I am talking about

Forgiveness in Martin Luthers Movement

Forgiveness in Martin Luthers Movement Introduction The best way that blacks can learn to forgive is through seeking God. Martin Luther led the movement that blacks had fighting for their rights in America in the 60s. The bible teachings tell us that God exists in the holy trinity and the only way to forgive others is for us to be able to forgive our own transgressions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Forgiveness in Martin Luthers Movement for Rights Blacks specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More God’s grace is the only way that we can achieve forgiveness. Worthington states that forgiveness is achieved when, â€Å"we yield ourselves to God and [are] guided by God’s Spirit.† (2009, p. 14) Once we have acquired the skills to be able to forgive ourselves, then, we can learn to forgive others as well. Although Everett Worthington Jr. cautions that forgiving oneself is particularly hard, the driving factor should be the end result. No hurt or tr ansgression is too big to bear once a person has learnt the art of forgiving him/herself. The best way of working through a hurtful thing like the way that African Americans were during their fight for their rights is to be in a group scenario. The forgiveness of transgressions against other people is very hard to fathom in many. There are transgressions or hurts that people consider too painful to easily forgive. Martin Luther had a particularly tasking job in attempting to instill forgiveness in the hearts of the African Americans who had been hurt. He insisted repeatedly that the only way that their rights were going to be recognized was through peaceful means. However, a tall order this was, he had to convince his followers that the best option for them was to forgive those people that had hurt them. Discussion There are steps that Everett has developed that are aimed at helping people to become more forgiving in their encounters. The foundation block for this program is that on e has to dedicate oneself to discerning God’s heart. As such, one has to be a dedicated Christian for the steps advocated by this writer to work. The major idea here is that god is the most important agent in order to achieve forgiveness. Therefore, one has to allow God to use one’s actions as the vehicle through which he works. Achieving forgiveness is equated to acquiring any other skill in the course of performing ones duties. Therefore, it is not expected that a person can be forgiving instantaneously. This means that people have to work on their forgiveness skills in order to achieve the forgiveness level that the gospel teaches. Martin Luther had to focus on the religion in order for people to translate the teaching of the bible and apply them in their every day lives so that they are capable of forgiveness. Conclusion Forgiveness entails that a person does not seek revenge for a particular hurt that is done to them. This means that although African Americans fel t that their rights were not being recognized by the regime in America, they should have desisted from taking any actions to avenge this wrongdoing. The only way that a person can achieve forgiveness is if the action warranting the forgiveness no longer hurts them. Events that are far in the past can be easily forgiven since the hurt occasioned by such wrongs is no longer potent.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, African Americans should have first work on the hurt that they felt in order for them to be able to forgive the transgressors. Martin Luther was charged with the responsibility of ensuring that any ill feelings that the African Americans may have harbored were not eliciting hurtful sentiments from his followers. If this was achieved, then the process of forgiveness should not have been difficult. Reference Worthington, E.L. Jr. (2009). A Just Forgi veness: Responsible Healing Without Excusing Injustice. Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press.

Free Essays on Homosexual Mariages

Gay Marriages A battle has been in progress for years over whether equal rights and equal protection against discrimination should be extended to homosexuals. Recently this has expanded into the area of marriage. The topic of homosexual marriages is a prevalent issue today. Even in the nation's capital, representatives are finding ways to make this alliance unlawful. This topic has been debated bringing up many valid points, but the fact of the matter is that homosexual marriages are wrong and we, as a country, should not condone such acts. Marriage is the institution whereby men and women are joined in a special kind of social and legal dependence for the purpose of founding and maintaining a family. Although some same sex marriages may be capable of coping financially, the negative influence on children raised in their household has been statistically proven. Not only would same sex families deal with negative connotations in terms of their children, but most religions in North America frown upon the union of same sex relationships and restrict marriage to one man and one woman. Many people hold opposing views, arguing that same sex marriages harm no one and that to deny them the right to marry is unconstitutional. First and foremost, we as a society must think of our future when an issue such as homosexuality comes in to play. In no way can one change someone's sexual orientation, but it is proven that homosexuality in the household can be detrimental to a child's upbringing. Debra Busher, an expert on child psychology, says: "Sexual orientation of a parent is critical to the upbringing of a child. Society is based on the ideal of having heterosexual parents, and it goes against values for same sex parents to raise children. Having homosexual parents is also a major stressor for a child due to society's norms and values. It can cause embarrassment and abnormal feelings. Children who are raised in ‘alternative famil... Free Essays on Homosexual Mariages Free Essays on Homosexual Mariages Gay Marriages A battle has been in progress for years over whether equal rights and equal protection against discrimination should be extended to homosexuals. Recently this has expanded into the area of marriage. The topic of homosexual marriages is a prevalent issue today. Even in the nation's capital, representatives are finding ways to make this alliance unlawful. This topic has been debated bringing up many valid points, but the fact of the matter is that homosexual marriages are wrong and we, as a country, should not condone such acts. Marriage is the institution whereby men and women are joined in a special kind of social and legal dependence for the purpose of founding and maintaining a family. Although some same sex marriages may be capable of coping financially, the negative influence on children raised in their household has been statistically proven. Not only would same sex families deal with negative connotations in terms of their children, but most religions in North America frown upon the union of same sex relationships and restrict marriage to one man and one woman. Many people hold opposing views, arguing that same sex marriages harm no one and that to deny them the right to marry is unconstitutional. First and foremost, we as a society must think of our future when an issue such as homosexuality comes in to play. In no way can one change someone's sexual orientation, but it is proven that homosexuality in the household can be detrimental to a child's upbringing. Debra Busher, an expert on child psychology, says: "Sexual orientation of a parent is critical to the upbringing of a child. Society is based on the ideal of having heterosexual parents, and it goes against values for same sex parents to raise children. Having homosexual parents is also a major stressor for a child due to society's norms and values. It can cause embarrassment and abnormal feelings. Children who are raised in ‘alternative famil...

The Purpose of the Crusades from 1096 AD to 1270 AD Essay Essay Example

The Purpose of the Crusades from 1096 AD to 1270 AD Essay Essay Example The Purpose of the Crusades from 1096 AD to 1270 AD Essay Paper The Purpose of the Crusades from 1096 AD to 1270 AD Essay Paper The Crusades are considered as an built-in portion of World History. They were important events for Islam and Christendom likewise. What are the Crusades all about? Why did they happen? What was its intent? This research paper aims to discourse the definition. beginning and most significantly. the intent of the Crusades. Definition of Campaign The Crusades are military jaunts with a spiritual aim. as these are sanctioned by the Pope and the Church ( Sloan. 2000 ; â€Å"Crusades–Battles. † 2008 ) . Originally. the word â€Å"Crusade† meant all missions accomplished on the promise of salvaging the Christian districts from Muslim business ( Brehier. 1908 ) . However. during the mediaeval times. the word had acquired a cover definition. as it came to include all wars against enemies of Christendom ( Brehier. 1908 ) . All the Crusades occurred between the eleventh and the 13th centuries A. D. ( â€Å"Crusades–Battles. † 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Sloan ( 2000 ) . the term â€Å"crusade† was derived from the Portuguese wordcruzado. which means â€Å"mark with a cross. † Other beginnings. on the other manus. province that the word meant â€Å"cloth cross† ( Brehier. 1908 ; â€Å"Crusades-Battles. † 2008 ) . As the definition implies. the symbol for the Crusades was the Christian cross ( â€Å"Crusades–Battles. † 2008 ) . and it was secured on the garment worn by the Crusaders ( Brehier. 1908 ; Sloan. 2000 ) . Beginning of Crusades The Crusades were the consequence of a metempsychosis of spiritual ardor in 10th century Europe ( Sloan. 2000 ) . However. this was non the lone ground. as the people who were involved with the Campaigns joined because of personal involvements every bit good ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The Crusades were besides called â€Å"holy wars. † as they provided a locale for the pontificate to pay a legitimate war against the enemies of Christianity ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The Crusades besides gave the spiritual an chance to obtain redemption by agencies of pilgrims journey ( Sloan. 2000 ) . Four centuries prior. similar pilgrims journeies have occurred because of the ongoing feud between the Muslims and the Christians ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The finishs of the said pilgrims journeies include the countries where both faiths meet. illustrations of which are Sicily. Italy. Asia Minor and Spain ( Sloan. 2000 ) . Jerusalem is another pilgrim finish ( Sloan. 2000 ) . In a manner. the Crusades were highly helpful to the pontificate. and it is non merely because of the Pope’s aim of taking back lands from the custodies of Muslims. The Crusades besides served to interpret the combatant inclinations of the Christians into a productive enterprise ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The Crusades enjoyed popularity and intense support from the Christians merely because they were a manifestation of a Godhead licence to contend other work forces in the name of redemption ( Sloan. 2000 ) . Meanwhile. the attempts of the Crusaders helped the Church spread the influence of Christianity all over the universe ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The Crusades began in the 11th century. and stemmed from the bing issues of morality and political relations of Western Christendom ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The twelvemonth 1095 marked the thirtieth day of remembrance of William the Conqueror’s success in the fusion of England ( â€Å"The Church and the Crusaders. † 2007 ) . However. the Gallic had delegated the districts to certain relations. spliting it in the procedure ( â€Å"The Church and the Crusaders. † 2007 ) . It was these districts that caused feud between brothers. which subsequently resulted in warfare ( â€Å"The Church and the Crusaders. † 2007 ) . That is why during that period. Europe consisted of many provinces which were ruled by sovereign ( Brehier. 1908 ) . These sovereigns were excessively preoccupied with territorial struggles while the emperor. who governed over Christendom. was engrossed with coronation jobs ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Merely the Catholic Pope had a considerable capacity to unite the provinces ; hence. merely the pontificate could originate such an ambitious enterprise like the Crusades ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The governments did recognize that Europe was really much susceptible to menaces from the Byzantine Empire and the Muslims ( Brehier. 1908 ) . However. the Catholic Pope could non easy convince people to take part in a bold journey like the Crusades for the ground of the mere chase of Jerusalem ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Fortunately for the Catholic Pope. the pressing issues with Syria were plenty to actuate Christians to ship on the Crusades. and Pope Urban II did non hold much trouble looking for participants ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The latter portion of the 5th century saw the uninterrupted exposure to the East. Cities such as Gaul and Italy were visited by Syrians who brought with them Eastern humanistic disciplines. civilization and faith ( Brehier. 1908 ) . In add-on. Western Christians have travelled to topographic points such as Syria. Palestine and Egypt. largely because they wanted to travel to Jerusalem. There were so many pilgrims journeies to the East. and even onslaughts by savages did non decrease the Numberss. As a response to the demands of the legion pilgrims journeies. St. Gregory the Great built a hospice for the pilgrims in Jerusalem in 600 AD ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The early portion of the 8th century saw the troubles the Anglo-saxons had to confront merely to make the Holy Land ( Brehier. 1908 ) . An illustration of such adversity which was the instance of St. Willibald. Bishop of Eichstadt. whose pilgrims journey lasted seven long old ages ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Following their victory in the West. the Carolingians sought to better the province of the Latin citizens situated in the Eastern district ( Brehier. 1908 ) . This determination resulted in the understanding between Pepin the Short and Caliph of Bagdad ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Through the representatives from Haroun al-Rashid. the â€Å"keys to the Holy Sepulchre. the streamer from Jerusalem and some cherished relics† were given to the King of Franks ( Brehier. 1908. parity. 6 ) on November 30. 800. This gesture was symbolic. as it came to mean the â€Å"Frankish associated state over the Christians of Jerusalem† ( Brehier. 1908. parity. 6 ) . Seventy old ages after. Bernard the Monk went on a journey to Jerusalem. and found that the agreement was still upheld. There was prosperity and growing for the constitutions. a testament to the regular sending of alms to Jerusalem from the West ( Brehier. 1908 ) . However. things began to alter by the 10th century. Europe was confronting a sociopolitical crisis. and the pilgrims journeies were all of a sudden disrupted by Muslims ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The Muslims. under the leading of Caliph Omar. have occupied Jerusalem in 637 AD ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . Since so. Jerusalem had been under Muslim control. Despite this. spiritual tolerance between the two religions existed ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . The Muslims gave the pilgrims permission to travel about with their spiritual enterprises. granted that they were to pay for them to be allowed entree ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . On the other manus. they prohibited the building of new churches and the exhibition of crosses outside church premises ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . The civil relation between Islam and Christianity was sustained for 400 old ages ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . until the torment occurred ( Sloan. 2000 ) . It was found that Muslims were hassling those that visited the Holy Land. which made the trips to Jerusalem about intolerable. The state of affairs got worse. as the Fatimite Caliph of Egypt named Hakem demanded that all Christian establishments destroyed in 1009. including the Holy Sepulchre. ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The wake of this event resulted in widespread Christian subjugation ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The twelvemonth 1027 saw the overthrow of the Frankish associated state. which was later replaced by the Byzantine emperors ( Brehier. 1908 ) . As a people. the Muslims were non conditioned to be ever at war ; it is their faith that is responsible for their combatant dispositions ( Madden. 2002 ) . This is because Islam had ever been rooted in war ( Madden. 2002 ) . Even during Mohammed’s epoch. Islam had to fall back to warfare to distribute its beliefs ( Madden. 2002 ) . Islamic thought had long upheld a duality of the universe through the two residences. the Abode of Islam and the Abode of War ( Madden. 2002 ) . Both residences were for Muslims merely. go forthing no room for any other faith. However. tolerance is still possible. but merely within the parametric quantities established by Islam ( Madden. 2002 ) . This tolerance. on the other manus. was non an original facet of Islam. Harmonizing to Islamic beliefs. the belongingss and districts of other faiths. such as Christianity and Judaism. should be eradicated and seized ( Madden. 2002 ) . This belief likely originated during the 7th century. the clip when Mohammed was contending against Mecca ( Madden. 2002 ) . Back so. Christianity was highly influential and had legion districts to its name. doing it susceptible to Muslim onslaughts ( Madden. 2002 ) . After Mohammed died. the Muslims devoted their lives to the conflict against Christianity ( Madden. 2002 ) . They did so win in this enterprise ; one by one. Christian districts fell in the custodies of the Muslims. Jerusalem included. Despite the Muslim bullying. pilgrims continued to continue to Jerusalem in the 11th century. If earlier pilgrims journeies consisted of members of the wealthier category. this clip even in-between category citizens participated in the pilgrims journeies ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The figure of pilgrims increased ; Richard. Abbot of Saint-Vannes. brought 700 pilgrims with him in 1026. while Gunther. Bishop of Bamberg. led 12. 000 Germans to the Holy Land ( Brehier. 1908 ) . It was Gunther’s group that had to support themselves from Bedouins. turn outing that the faithful were excessively devoted to the Holy Sepulchre to withdraw ( Brehier. 1908 ) . This is a testament to the dedication of the pilgrims. that even though they knew the danger inherent in the trip. they still proceeded. They would volitionally put on the line their lives for this spiritual enterprise. However. it was the Seljukian Turks who became the biggest menace to the pilgrims. the Byzantine Empire and Christendom as a whole ( Brehier. 1908 ) . One by one. districts were sacked and captured by the Turks: Jerusalem was the first to be captured. rapidly followed by Asia Minor. Syria and Antioch ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Soon. all the districts were under Turkish control. The offenses committed by the Turks against the Christians were plenty: shrines were desecrated. pilgrims were either beat up. kidnapped or killed. while relics and other belongingss were stolen. This state of affairs prompted the Constantinople emperors to inquire the Catholic Popes for aid. which resulted in communicating between Michael VII and Gregory VII ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The Purpose of Crusades Because of the Seljukian Turks’ onslaught towards Byzantine Empire and Christendom. the thought of the Crusades emerged. The initial thought consisted of the Catholic Pope directing out military personnels to the East with three aims in head: â€Å"to re-establish Christian integrity. repel the Turks. and rescue the Holy Sepulchre† ( Brehier. 1908. parity. 8 ) . Unfortunately. this program was non put into action ; there were several factors that served as hinderances. To get down with. the Investitures had the Catholic Pope preoccupied ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Besides. emperors Nicephorus Botaniates and Alexius Comnenus both disapproved of a Roman spiritual brotherhood. Last. the war that had all of a sudden erupted between the Normans of the Sicilies and the Byzantine Empire was another factor ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The Birth of the Campaign However. the Crusades still came into fruition. this clip under the authorization of Pope Urban II ( Brehier. 1908 ) . In fact. many historiographers consider the construct of the Crusades as Pope Urban II’s inspiration ( Brehier. 1908 ) . In the twelvemonth 1095. Pope Urban II had a conference in Clermont. France ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . After eight yearss. the Catholic Pope delivered a address to the crowd. in which he declared his desire to salvage Jerusalem from the custodies of the Muslims ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . Pope Urban II besides said that all those who would take part would hold unsusceptibility from the wickednesss that will be committed in the Crusades ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . The crowd responded good to the pope’s call. and answered him with the statement: â€Å"It is the will of God† ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. . parity. 2 ) . The Unofficial Crusade under Peter the Hermit However. it was Peter the Hermit who started the Crusades. From Picardy. he had traveled to Jerusalem and saw the Holy Sepulchre for himself ( Brehier. 1908 ) . It was this visit that encouraged Peter the Hermit to near the Catholic Pope about his purposes about the Crusade. In bend. Pope Urban II gave Peter the Hermit his approval ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Hence. it was Peter the Hermit who led the first campaign. despite its unofficial position ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † n. d. ) . The campaign of Peter the Hermit began in 1095. in which he gave discourses to provincials to promote them to take part in the campaigns ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . As a consequence. he had gathered a little group of people who would travel to Jerusalem ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . It was Peter the Hermit’s ardor for prophesying that worked to his advantage. It was this quality that converted provincials into reformers. people who embraced his instructions so much that he was considered as a saint ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . Regardless of his part to the Crusades. the bookmans have downplayed his portion. doing him look less of import than how he was earlier portrayed by the likes of Albert of Aix and William of Tyre ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Unfortunately. the campaign of Peter the Hermit was unsuccessful. The reformers exhibited disorderly behavior while going ; they stole nutrient and supplies from the people’s places ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . In add-on. they killed Hebrews while they were still in the European district ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . The first functionary Crusade had one simple aim: the retrieval of Jerusalem from Muslim control ( â€Å"The First Crusade. † 2008 ) . In a military position. this was the most winning among all the other Crusades ( United Methodist Women. n. d. ) . The first Crusade invaded the Holy Land. an onslaught that lasted for five hebdomads ( Metropolitan Museum of Art [ MET ] . 2007 ) . In 1099. Christianity had gained Jerusalem back ( MET. 2007 ) . The Second Crusade occurred between 1147 and 1149. and was led by Abbot Bernard of Clairvaux ( MET. 2007 ) . This was non every bit successful as the first 1. because the Muslim forces had regained their strength ( MET. 2007 ) . By October 1187. under the leading of Salah al-Din. the Muslim military personnels recaptured the Holy Land ( MET. 2007 ) . The Third Crusade was successful. insofar as it recaptured Cyprus and Acre metropolis ( MET. 2007 ) . The most destructive Campaign. non to advert the most dissatisfactory for the Church was the Fourth Crusade ( MET. 2007 ) . The Crusaders deviated from the original program. and attacked Constantinople alternatively ( MET. 2007 ) . There were three more Campaigns after. In decision. the Crusades were rooted in the defence against Muslim aggression. The chief intent of the Crusades was to repossess control over the Holy Land. and unite Christendom one time once more. The Crusades are so a important portion of history. as it plays a cardinal function in the development and growing of Islam and Christianity. Regardless of one’s faith. these events must be considered so that the errors committed in the past must non be repeated. In the terminal. the difference in faith must be celebrated and respected. Mentions AllAboutGod. com. ( 2008 ) . Crusades-battles. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. allaboutgod. com/crusades. htm Brehier. L. ( 1908 ) .The Catholic encyclopaedia( D. Potter. trans. ) New York: Robert Appleton Company. EyeWitnesstoHistory. com. ( n. d. ) . The reformers capture Jerusalem. 1099. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. eyewitnesstohistory. com/crusades. htm HistoryLearningSite. co. ( 2008 ) . The first campaign. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //historylearningsite. co. uk/cru2. htm Madden. T. F. ( 2002 ) . The existent history of the campaigns.Crisis Magazine. 20 ( 4 ). n. P. MedievalCrusades. com. ( 2007 ) . The church and the reformers. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. medievalcrusades. com/ MedievalCrusades. com. ( 2007 ) . The campaigns begin. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. medievalcrusades. com/crusadesbegin. htm Metropolitan Museum of Art. ( 2007 ) . The campaigns ( 1095-1291 ) . Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. metmuseum. org/toah/hd/crus/hd_crus. htm Sloan. J. ( 2000 ) . The campaigns in the Levant ( 1097-1291 ) . Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //xenophongroup. com/montjoie/crusade2. htm United Methodist Women. ( n. d. ) The Christian reformers. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //gbgm-umc. org/UMW/bible/crusades. short-term memory

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Financial Modeling With Decision Making - Essay Example The details of shares with above details are given in separate units for each company. In the spread sheet used in this case the shares purchased are regarding the companies Glaxosmithkline, B.SKY.B, Busuiness Post Group, Abbey PLC, Barclays PLC, Galantas Gold Corp, Halfords Group PLC, and Rolls-Royce Group PLC. The trading has been started on February 1st and the dealings up to march 15th are given. In case of Glaxosmithkline, the trader earned a profit of 900 GBP. The returns from B.Sky.B group shares resulted in negative growth. The selling price of shares is 700 GBP lesser than the buying price. This resulted in 700 GBP of loss in trading the shares of that company. This dented the returns from previous investment also and decreased the net profit to 200 GBP. Apart from this the trader bought and sold the shares of business post on February 1st and February 15th. This resulted in a profit of 800 GBP. With this transaction, the net profit reached the mark of 1000 GBP by February 15th. After that the trader bought the shares of Abbey Plc on February 15th and sold on March 1st. This resulted in a profit of 40 GBP and this increased the gross profit by March 1 to 1040 GBP. After that in a gap of one month between 15th February and 15th march, the Barclay's shares are purchased for Rs. 39805.50 and sold for 34348.50. GBP. This resulted in a loss of 5457 GBP. With this transaction there is loss of 4457 GBP on the whole investment. After this transaction on march 1st the trader invested 7950 on Galantas gold corp. and sold them for 8520 GBP. This resulted in a profit of 300 GBP. This decreased the loss from the transactions to 4157 GBP. The Halfords group shares are purchased on 1st March for 31454.5 GBP and were sold on 15th march for 31433 GBP. This resulted in a loss of 21 GBP and increased the loss to 4178 GBP. The Rolls Royce group shares are bought for 24562.5 GBP on 1st March were sold for 23387 GBP on 15th march. This resulted in a loss of 1175.5 GBP of loss and the total loss increased to 5353 GBP. Apart from the investment in high interes t account the loss on trades mentioned in spread sheet incurred a loss of 5353 GBP. 2. Analysis of Trading decisions The first transaction used by the trader was with the shares of Glaxosmithkline numbering 10,000 and valued at 1,38,700 GBP. This resulted in a profit of 900 GBP. The decision of buying in February and selling in march is a good decision making when the single transaction is considered. This share can be retained and the sale of the shares in March is a short sighted decision as the share value has climbed up in the following months. As the company reported 6 percent increase of profit and closed the books with patent protection, there is every chance to earn more profits and increase the dividend distributed. This can result in increase of share price and the sale of the shares in March can be termed as a deal that has been done early than it should be done. The trader might have sold the shares of the company taking into consideration local market. As the company trades internationally and does business in US and other important countries of world, the share price of the company sh ould be estimated accordingly. The drugs sold in US resulted in more profits for the company

Research and Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Financial Modeling With Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Modeling With Decision Making - Essay Example The details of shares with above details are given in separate units for each company. In the spread sheet used in this case the shares purchased are regarding the companies Glaxosmithkline, B.SKY.B, Busuiness Post Group, Abbey PLC, Barclays PLC, Galantas Gold Corp, Halfords Group PLC, and Rolls-Royce Group PLC. The trading has been started on February 1st and the dealings up to march 15th are given. In case of Glaxosmithkline, the trader earned a profit of 900 GBP. The returns from B.Sky.B group shares resulted in negative growth. The selling price of shares is 700 GBP lesser than the buying price. This resulted in 700 GBP of loss in trading the shares of that company. This dented the returns from previous investment also and decreased the net profit to 200 GBP. Apart from this the trader bought and sold the shares of business post on February 1st and February 15th. This resulted in a profit of 800 GBP. With this transaction, the net profit reached the mark of 1000 GBP by February 15th. After that the trader bought the shares of Abbey Plc on February 15th and sold on March 1st. This resulted in a profit of 40 GBP and this increased the gross profit by March 1 to 1040 GBP. After that in a gap of one month between 15th February and 15th march, the Barclay's shares are purchased for Rs. 39805.50 and sold for 34348.50. GBP. This resulted in a loss of 5457 GBP. With this transaction there is loss of 4457 GBP on the whole investment. After this transaction on march 1st the trader invested 7950 on Galantas gold corp. and sold them for 8520 GBP. This resulted in a profit of 300 GBP. This decreased the loss from the transactions to 4157 GBP. The Halfords group shares are purchased on 1st March for 31454.5 GBP and were sold on 15th march for 31433 GBP. This resulted in a loss of 21 GBP and increased the loss to 4178 GBP. The Rolls Royce group shares are bought for 24562.5 GBP on 1st March were sold for 23387 GBP on 15th march. This resulted in a loss of 1175.5 GBP of loss and the total loss increased to 5353 GBP. Apart from the investment in high interes t account the loss on trades mentioned in spread sheet incurred a loss of 5353 GBP. 2. Analysis of Trading decisions The first transaction used by the trader was with the shares of Glaxosmithkline numbering 10,000 and valued at 1,38,700 GBP. This resulted in a profit of 900 GBP. The decision of buying in February and selling in march is a good decision making when the single transaction is considered. This share can be retained and the sale of the shares in March is a short sighted decision as the share value has climbed up in the following months. As the company reported 6 percent increase of profit and closed the books with patent protection, there is every chance to earn more profits and increase the dividend distributed. This can result in increase of share price and the sale of the shares in March can be termed as a deal that has been done early than it should be done. The trader might have sold the shares of the company taking into consideration local market. As the company trades internationally and does business in US and other important countries of world, the share price of the company sh ould be estimated accordingly. The drugs sold in US resulted in more profits for the company

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Video games’ good and bad effects Essay Example for Free

Video games’ good and bad effects Essay Many wonder if there are any good things about video games. The question becomes even more prominent when you think about children and teens, who might spend more time playing video games than going outside. And then there are adults who develop video game addictions. Sometimes these addictions could lead to problems with employment, relationships and other aspects of life. However, despite all these things, I still say there are many good things about video games, regardless of who is playing. True, while everyone needs to have a life beyond the Xbox, video game entertainment is generally very positive. Through video gaming, you develop the following: 1) Eye-Hand Coordination When youre thinking about some of the good things associated with video games, this tops the list. This is particularly the case for young children, who still need to develop their motor skills. Interaction with the controller teaches them how to coordinate their movements. 2) Fitness Thanks to the Wii, the Xbox Kinect and similar devices, video games can be controlled by more complex body movements. If this is done over a long period of time, video games can actually help a person lose weight. In fact, there are even games dedicated to fitness. They offer the same workout as any aerobics class. 3) Problem-Solving Skills Many games on the market will not let you progress unless you solve a puzzle. How the puzzle manifests itself will depend on the title, but most are designed to test a persons deductive reasoning. 4) Improved Reading Although the reading is not as intense as a book, it is still more detailed than what you see on television. Bad things Video games can be bad for you, but not for the reasons you might think. Theyre not bad for you because theyll make you violent — because they wont. However they can be bad for you for other reasons. Heres a look at the top 5 reasons why video games can be bad for you. Addiction is defined as The condition of being habitually or compulsively occupied with or involved in something. †  Anyone who has really been into video games has experienced this. Kids and adults alike think about getting home and playing games. They also spend a great deal of time reading gaming magazines, participating in online gaming forums, looking for future game releases, and of course, spending countless hours playing games. When they arent doing any of these things, theyre wishing they were. It cost a lot of money to stay current with the latest video games and hardware (console and/or computer). Many gamers spend all of their money on gaming. For example, its not uncommon for a gamer to have 50-100 games that cost $40-$50 each. They also often have at least 2 different game consoles and 1 high-end PC. This can easily add up to thousands of dollars a year to maintain a typical gamers habits. Theres often a direct correlation with the amount of time spent playing video games, and the amount of time spent engaging in a quality relationship. In the most extreme example I could find, there was a couple that was so consumed with playing video games that they ended up neglecting their 3 children — to the point that they were malnourished, naked, and covered in their own feces. Although thats an extreme case, I still think theres something to be said about people who spend the majority of their free time playing video games. My guess is that theyre probably not dating or pursuing a meaningful relationship in their free time. Update: A reader brought to my attention an online group dedicated to loved ones who have been affected by their partners addiction to World of WarCraft (WoW). Their description includes the following Do you have a loved one that plays World of Warcraft so much that you feel like you are a widow? This group isnt just for wives, but for anyone, husbands, girl or boyfriends, mothers, fathers, sons or daughters, or anyone that has had a relationship effected by this addictive game. Avid gamers are similar to people who smoke a lot of marijuana — in that they dont get much done. Reading a good book, taking care of bills, writing an article, inventing something, mowing the lawn, etc are simply not a priority when it comes to getting to the next level or finishing a game. Many gamers have things they would like to do in life, but they never get around to it, because they spend so much of their time playing games. Then, when they do have time to work on one of their projects, theyre too tired to do it, because they stayed up till 3am playing a game. Instead of taking a trip, mountain biking, or hanging out with friends at a cafe, gamers spend their time in a virtual reality. Whereas real life experiences bear long lasting friendships and memories, videos games do not. The only pictures that come from video games are screenshots, and the memories that are created from playing those games are ultimately meaningless. Living means interacting, growing, learning, teaching, and loving — none of which can be accomplished in the virtual wasteland of video games.